Friday 11 April 2014

REFLECTION AND CONCLUSION

Trinidad is a very diverse country when it comes to food, architecture, culture, etc. and the economy on the whole. I have explained all different aspects of urban economy and how it relates Trinidad. This was an interesting assignment as I was able to understand the various categories of activities that contribute to the urban economy. Comparing this economic study to what is known of foreign urban environments, it it clear that both areas are definitely not the same.

Some of my course colleagues' blogs were of particular interest to me since they had some sort of relation to my topics.

In Jerniece Jones' blog entry on 'Urban Tourism - Hotels in the City!', she mentioned the significance of hotels. I thought she was accurate in saying that the architecture of hotels give an impression of the economic status of a country. This relates to my blog entry on HIGH RISE BUILDINGS where it was noted that cities of developing countries want to construct tall buildings to emulate a foreign developed  metropolis.

In Chanel Glasgow's blog entry on 'Urban Nightlife - The Ave Pt2', she posted about Ariapita Avenue and the night clubs and bars which many young people frequent, especially on weekends. It is becoming a norm now to see younger people out at night but in they are still contributing to the economic activities at night.

In Vanessa Boodoo's blog entry on 'Behind the City Lights - Loss of culture through globalization', she argued that globalization can result in many negative effects including threatening the local cuisine with foreign fast food restaurants. I am of opinion though, that Trinidadian local cuisine is still quite popular among the locals.This relates to one one my topics - CUISINE and the economy of Trinidad. The majority of people selling local foods are streetvendors and do not contribute much to the economy. In Vanessa's case,  I assume she would like to see more local foods being sold around Trinidad rather than foreign-owned fast foot restaurants. In my case, however, increasing this means increasing the amount of streetvendors seeing that the majority of local foods are sold this way. What should be put in place by the government of Trinidad is the establishment of registered restaurants so that the local foods can be sold and in this way, it contributes to the economy while decreasing the influence of foreign-owned restaurants.

NIGHT-TIME ECONOMY

So far, I have delved into different aspects of the urban economy in Trinidad. Most of these aspects take place at daytime. For example, both sectors of the economy (formal and informal) and some recreational activities take place only during the working hours of the day.

For my final post, I would like to compare how economic activities differ between day and night in Trinidad.     
Have you ever heard the phrase “Trinis never sleep”? Well if one were to visit Trinidad and experience the hustle and bustle of regular daytime activities, one would be quite surprised how much MORE lively the place becomes at night!

Photo shows a popular bar in St. James, Port of Spain while photo b shows a night club at Ariapita Avenue, Port of Spain.

Night time activities in Trinidad hold just as much economic benefit as any other daytime activity. Trinidadians are always out “liming”, partying and enjoying themselves at various social areas such as bars, clubs and fetes.

Photo a shows a popular bar in St. James called “Smokey and Bunty”. Every night, especially on weekend, persons gather here to drink and hang out. There may even be some regulars that frequent this place almost every day! Whether it’s an after work lime or just a simple gathering with friends, Smokey and Bunty, as well as other bars will sure to be full of life. The photo clearly shows scores of persons crowded around the entrance of the bar. 
Photo b shows another popular liming spot in Port of Spain – Coco Lounge. This is a more formal setting than the bar in a and younger individuals tend to frequent this club.
If one were to pass these places during the day, one would see little to no people. In the case of Coco Lounge, the place only opens at night so this is strictly a night time business. The best places to go to relax with friends after a long day of school, work, etc. are these clubs and bars that are full of life and excitement once the sun goes down.

(2) Food tents in Port of Spain.

Photo 2 shows many tents set up for the purpose of food vending. This photo was taken near to the Queen’s Park Savannah and NAPA in Port of Spain. Even though an entire topic was done on food previously, this situation is different in that, these food vendors only come out to sell customers at night. The photo was taken on that particular night because there was a scheduled performance at the National Academy for Performing Arts (NAPA) located across the street. It was amazing to see the crowds of persons lining up by every tent for a variety of mouth-watering dishes and fast foods. This would be classed as an informal economic activity.

 Just imagine if Trinidad’s government were to establish legitimate and registered food outlets in this area...this would surely boost the economic profit by a lot!

To review these exciting night activities in Trinidad and to learn more about our nightlife, please click the following link:

CUISINE

MY FAVOURITE TOPIC! :)

Trinidad and Tobago is eminent in many places around the world for its tantalising cuisine. Trinidad incorporates different culinary influences in their local cuisine, most notably Indian, Creole and Chinese. It is a norm in this country to see a range of foods being sold at roadsides, also called “streetfoods”.

Even though streetfood vending is deemed as part of Trinidadian culture, occurring at almost every street corner and roadside, this practice is part of the informal economy. A huge amount of income is earned daily by streetfood vendors but they are the ones who keep their profits. Trinidad still manages to accumulate a high amount of revenue as there are countless registered restaurants throughout the country which serve the same local cuisine as that served at roadsides.

(1) Photo a shows restaurants in downtown Port of Spain. Photos and c show street vendors at Princes Town and St. James, Port of Spain respectively. 

Photo a was taken to show the consecutive fast food restaurants located in the capital city. The KFC restaurant tells that Trinidad also incorporates foreign food franchises in its cuisine. The photo also shows other fast food restaurants such as Mario’s and Trini Chicken. These restaurants, unlike KFC, are local in origin but also contribute to the formal economy
Photos b and c are examples of local Indian streetvending.

B shows alloo pies and doubles while c shows roti.  One can truly taste the culture of Trinidad without having to go to a fancy restaurant. There is more than one person in each of these two photos. I noticed that one was preparing and cooking the food while the other was serving customers. Another interesting feature of streetfood vending is that customers can have the pleasure of viewing the preparation and cooking of some of the foods before they are served.

(2) Photos and show gyro vendors at Pro Queen Street, Arima and Ariapita Avenue, Port of Spain respectively

It is evident that these photos were taken to show the crowds of people lining up to purchase gyros. In recent years, gyros have become increasingly popular in Trinidad, although many are unaware of the exact reason. Gyros are influenced by the Arabian culture and have also been incorporated into Trinidad’s culture as of recent years. 
The following is an article about gyros in Trinidad in an attempt to explain its recent popularity among locals: 


Even though we see foreign cultures being included and appreciated in Trinidad and Tobago’s cuisine, we can still rest assured that the same is true for our melting pot ( literally! J ) of cultures in foreign countries. In some countries, Trinidad and Tobago’s culture can be found in the form of food which can attract potential tourists to the country as well.
You’ll be quite interested to know that the host of a popular television show in America has visited a restaurant in his country which is owned by a Trinidadian woman, where he tasted some of the local dishes which she serves daily to customers. Don’t believe me? Well have a look at this video: 

RECREATION

Recreation involves any sort of activity that is done for leisure, amusement or enjoyment. In Trinidad, people engage in various forms of recreational activities, a lot of which contribute to the country’s economy.

(1)    Photo a – Movietowne, Invaders Bay, Port of Spain. Photo – Digicel IMAX, Woodbrook, Port of Spain. Photo c – The Falls at Westmall, Western Main Road, West Moorings.

Photo 1a was able to show the large number of persons that visit Movietowne (mall and cineplex). The photo was taken at night so that all the lights and signs could be more visible. This enhances the appearance of the area and attracts persons to visit.
1b shows the IMAX cinema with two apartment complexes or condominiums in the background. Many residents of these areas do not have far to travel to get to this theatre. 1c shows the clean, spacious environment of the Falls mall.

Movietowne Port of Spain is one of three locations (other locations: Chaguanas and Tobago). It features a shopping complex including a grocery (PriceSmart), a wide variety of restaurants, a video arcade and children’s playroom, a membership casino and of course, a Cineplex with 10 screens showing the latest popular movies. What also makes Movietowne enjoyable is the open courtyard with benches and chairs so one can dine, drink or relax outdoor in the open air. 

The Falls at Westmall is also a huge shopping complex which includes many retail shops and restaurants. The mall also has a way of enhancing the ambiance and attracting visitors. It features a skylight throughout the entire top floor so that there is a feel as though one is in open air and not enclosed. It also features large fountains at different parts of the mall. All these shops, stores, restaurants etc. are part of the formal economy (as explained in an earlier post “FORMAL ECONOMY”).

Malls and shopping complexes are important as they create jobs and generate a high income. They include both private and public services. A wide range of products are offered and sold in order to meet consumer demand so more consumers are content knowing that most of their wants are being satisfied. Shopping complexes are significant sources of income for the economy.
This link explains the importance of shopping centres to economy: 

Digicel IMAX in Trinidad is the first IMAX theatre in the Caribbean. Because of this, scores of persons throughout the country journey to Port of Spain to be part of this experience. IMAX is globally known for its extraordinary entertainment experiences as it specializes in technologies that use digital re-mastering that can transform any conventional motion picture to superior, incomparable image and sound quality. This theatre has had initiatives to attract more persons to come and enjoy their facilities. One such example can be seen in the following news paper article: http://guardian.co.tt/entertainment/2012-07-29/tollywood-movie-premieres-digicel-imax where Digicel IMAX premiered a film of the Telugu/Tamil language of India and also provided traditional Indian delicacies. This would have appealed to certain audiences who would have taken the time to visit the theatre.

(2) Photo a shows the National Academy for Performing Arts (NAPA), Port of Spain. Photo b shows Queen’s Hall, St. Anns, Port of Spain.

Another form of entertainment would be visiting NAPA or Queen’s Hall to view local performances. Recently, a South Academy for Performing Arts (SAPA) was constructed in San Fernando. Photo 2a was taken on a night when a performance was scheduled. I was able to capture the lights and the people visiting the NAPA. NAPA aims to develop the talent in the local performing arts with focus on the steel pan. The building contains teaching facilities and performance halls with spacious accommodations for seating and parking outside. Queen’s Hall’s purpose is similar to that of NAPA but its main focus is on theatrical performances and showcasing local talents. While promoting development of local and urban culture, they contribute to the economy significantly as well.

Other places of recreation that are dominant in Port of Spain include the Emperor Valley Zoo located (north of the Queen’s Park Savannah) and the Hasely Crawford Stadium (located off the Audrey Jeffers Highway). 

The zoo is a fairly large enclosure that contains sufficient flora and fauna to maintain a near-natural setting for the animals. It features both local and foreign animals of various species. The zoo has always attracted many visitors as it is the only one in Trinidad and hence, the country earns a lot of income. The Emperor Valley Zoo has recently had additions of lions, giraffes and tigers. The talk of the town though, is the arrival of the tigers, especially rare white Bengal tigers. 
The following news article shows what all the buzz is about in Trinidad: 


The national Hasely Crawford Stadium is a popular sporting facility and field which hosts a number of sporting matches and competitions, fetes, displays and other events. Trinidad also gains a lot of revenue from renting the stadium and facilities, as well for hosting national sports matches. 

TOURISM

Trinidad and Tobago is a melting pot of rich culture and heritage that have been present for many years. The country consists of persons of multiple races, cultures, religions and ethnicities where everyone strives to live in unity and harmony with one another. Trinidad and Tobago is eminent around the world for its rich culture which includes sports, cuisine, nature reserves, carnival and religious festivals. 

The following link shows a video which was intended to be a local advertisement promoting tourism in Trinidad and Tobago. Please view it and experience the wondrous island life: 

TRADE

With the recent and rapid increase in globalization countries around the globe have become progressively more interconnected. A lot of this is as a result of economic trade. Due to the global integration of economies, there may be potential enhancements in productivity and standards of living. For this matter, many developing counties welcome the globalization process.

(1) Photos a and show the Port Authority of Trinidad and Tobago, Port of Spain and photo c shows the CARICOM wharf which is also a part of the PATT.

The Port Authority of Trinidad and Tobago has three terminals which are used for different purposes. The container terminal is used for storage of full and empty containers and bulk cargo, as well as berthing space. The storage containers can be seen in 1a with numerous cranes in the background which transfer them from the ships into storage. The photo was taken a bit far away because access to the compound was restricted. The cruise ship terminal has berthing space and buildings and carparks for ship passengers. The government shipping service terminal also has berthing space, as well as different jetties for different purposes. Photo 1b shows a cargo ship docked at the port, most likely at this terminal. Because I had no access to the compound, this photo was taken at the adjacent Hyatt Hotel so that I could capture the scene at a height without hindrances such as the gate barrier to the port. I took this photo in such a way that the name of the ship and the cranes in the background are visible.
Photo1c shows the CARICOM wharf where goods are traded between CARICOM member countries.

According to Trading Economics, Trinidad and Tobago’s main export items include natural gas and oil, petroleum and petroleum products, Liquefied natural gas (LNG), ammonia, alcohols, fertilizers, iron, steel and some agricultural products such as citrus, cocoa and sugar. Their main trading partners include the USA (which accounts for 45% of all exports), Jamaica, Spain, Colombia, Mexico, the Netherlands, Russia, the Dominican Republic and the European Union (EU). Most of their imports are from the EU and Japan. Figures show that Trinidad spends more money on imports than they receive for exports.

To learn about Trinidad’s Economic Partnership Agreement with the EU, visit the following link to a report about the trade agreement: 

(2) This is a photo of ALCOA, Chaguaramas.

ALCOA is one of the world’s leading producers of aluminium. The industry also engages in refining, smelting, fabricating and recycling other materials. ALCOA deals with a variety of materials in different businesses. This industry contributes to the country’s revenue as products are traded with foreign countries such as USA and Europe.

Click the following link to view a list of these businesses and their details:


References:

Trading Economics. "Trinidad and Tobago Balance of Trade." http://www.tradingeconomics.com/trinidad-and-tobago/balance-of-trade (accessed April 6, 2014).

ENERGY SECTOR (Oil and Gas)

Trinidad and Tobago earned its status of being one of the wealthiest countries in the Caribbean due to its high GDP of which 45% is gained from the energy sector. Trinidad and Tobago is the leading producer of oil and natural gas in the Caribbean so its economy is largely dependent of these natural resources. The US relies on imports to satisfy their needs for natural gas so Trinidad and Tobago benefits significantly from this foreign market.

To learn more about Trinidad’s energy sector, visit their official government website:

All photos were taken in Port of Spain. Photo 1– Trinidad and Tobago National Petroleum Marketing Company Limited (NP), Sea Lots,  b – BHP Billiton, Invaders Bay, c – British Petroleum Trinidad and Tobago (BPTT), Queen’s Park West, d – British Gas (BG), St. Clair.

There are numerous oil and gas companies in the country which specialize in exploration on- and off-shore, extraction, production, refining, marketing and storage or petroleum and natural gas. NP, BHP Billiton, BPTT and BG are only four examples. 

These resources are non-renewable and therefore, must be used sustainably in order for the country to upkeep its financial status. As the global population continues to grow, the demand for energy will grow simultaneously and this may cause the local companies to over-exploit these resources.

The following newspaper article expresses this view and also, proposals for “longevity in the oil industry”:

HIGH RISE BUILDINGS

High rise buildings, also sometimes referred to as “skyscrapers” or “tower blocks”, are extremely tall buildings that exceed standard heights. Modern central business districts (CBD) are usually characterized by this type of building structure as they are often used for office, commercial and residential purposes. High rise buildings in foreign cities are often constructed over 50 stories high but smaller cities such as Port of Spain have much shorter buildings than these, though still generally taller than most other structures.

Photos 1a, c and d were taken at downtown, Port of Spain while was taken at St. Clair.


The Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago (CBTT), otherwise locally known as the “twin towers” is shown in photo a. CBTT is responsible for issuing and redeeming Trinidadian currency, as well as providing sufficient currency to satisfy the public’s needs. 
Photo b shows the RBC headquarters with numerous offices. A daytime photo was not possible but the size of the building can still be seen. 
Photo c shows the Nicholas tower. Compared to the nearby buildings and cars, the Nicholas Tower of business offices appears to be extremely tall. 
Photo d is a building that is currently under construction off Wrightson Road. This goes to show how mainstream this design and structure of buildings are becoming in Trinidad urban areas. This photo was taken with the purpose of capturing the surrounding high rise buildings as well.


Why do governments want to construct high rise buildings?

Some cities in developing countries simply want to emulate a foreign developed metropolis. In Trinidad, this was the former Prime Minister’s (Mr. Patrick Manning’s) goal until there was a change of leadership in 2010.

Urbanization is a process which occurs at greater proportions in developing countries. Over half of the global population now lives urban areas. This results in a demand for urban space. The value of city centres is usually quite high so planners find it more economical to build vertically rather than horizontally to minimize land use.

According to Buyukozturk (2004), there is a demand for high rise buildings for different reasons:
  • ·         Scarcity of land in urban areas due to urbanisation
  • ·         Increasing demand for business and residential space
  • ·         Economic growth
  • ·         Technological advancements
  • ·         Innovations in Structural Systems
  • ·         Desire for aesthetics in urban settings
  • ·         Cultural significance and prestige


References:

Buyukozturk, Oral. 2004.  "High-Rise Buildings: Evolution and Innovations." Keynote speech presented at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, World Building Congress from CIB, MA, USA, May 2, 2004.

"Manning’s high-rise legacy meets policy standstill." Trinidad express, February 16, 2014. http://www.trinidadexpress.com/commentaries/Mannings-high-rise-legacy-meets-policy-standstill-245712861.html (accessed April 6, 2014).

FORMAL ECONOMY

In my previous post on INFORMAL ECONOMY, the term “formal economy” was often mentioned. As one would guess, it is more or less the opposite of informal economy. This is where registered workers earn a fixed wage and work regular hours. This is a more organized employment system as compared to informal economy. Working environment conditions are decent and more acceptable. Unlike informal economy, the government monitors tax payments and influences economic activity which is included in the country’s GNP. Examples of occupations belonging to the formal sector are government services, defense, management organizations, banks etc.
(1) This image shows 2 photos taken at Port of Spain. Photo a was taken at Frederick Street and was taken at Park Street.


The angle at which 1a is taken is important as it shows the length of Frederick Street with many different stores and shops along the buildings. Compared to the informal businesses in the previous post, these appear to be much more organized and spacious. 
Photo 1b depicts three different banks all in one area – Republic Bank and Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) at the left, First Citizens at the right. Banks play an important role in the economy of a country as it provides specialized financial services which help to make the overall economy more efficient.

(2) Persad’s Grocery in Princes Town

Photo 2 shows a grocery in Princes Town. This is typical of most urban areas so that residents and commuters have easy access to fresh foods and items. This photo was taken to show shoppers with their grocery bags and shopping carts in hand. This form of food sale is quite different when compared to that of the informal sector. In this formal type of setting, foods are expected to be clean, fresh and safe. Meats, fish and dairy would be properly refrigerated and other food items like fresh produce would be stored in a cool, clean environment.

The World Bank states that because workers in the informal sector do not pay taxes or contribute to social security payments, there is a net loss of budget revenues. This negatively impacts the country as a burden is placed on the registered workers in the formal sector to pay for infrastructure and public goods and services. As such, persons are encouraged to move from the informal to the formal economy.

The following video explains some initiatives if the ILO to go about achieving this:  


For further details of these initiatives, feel free to view the ILO’s official report on “Transitioning from the Informal to the Formal Economy”:

References:

The World Bank. "Workers in The Informal Economy." http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTSOCIALPROTECTION/EXTLM/0,,contentMDK:20224904~menuPK:584866~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:390615,00.html (accessed April 6, 2014).


INFORMAL ECONOMY

Economic activities which do not contribute to the Gross National Product (GNP) of a country or which rarely has government influence are called informal economic activities. According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), 50% - 75% of persons working in the non-agricultural sector consist of the informal economy in developing countries. Oftentimes, this is as a result of their lack of ability to obtain jobs in the formal sector (Stay tuned for my next post on Formal Economy!).

(1) Photos ab and c were taken at Princes Town while d was taken at Pro Queen Street, Arima.


This collage represents different types of informal economy which take place in Trinidad. Photos 1a and 1b show persons selling a variety of fashion jewellery and DVDs respectively. 
Photo 1a was chosen as it shows how confined and clustered the area was. This person solely ran her business which was situated on a pavement in front a clothing store. 
Photo 1b was taken at this angle in order to show the pavement where the seller chose to run his business with the DVDs on nothing but a wooden board leaning against a fence. While the persons in photos
1a and 1b ran stationary businesses, the man in photo 1c only stopped to encourage me to purchase a pack of clothes pins and to take a quick picture before he busily walked down the road to possibly catch a sale. Photo 1d shows the “Arima drags”. “Drags” is a local term used to describe closely packed stores under tents or sheds that mimic a formal store but is usually dirtier, more crowded and not as aesthetically appealing. A wide variety of items are sold here including clothes, shoes, belts and other accessories.

(2) Photo a was taken at Carenage and b was taken at Charlotte Street, Port of Spain.

This collage shows the informal economy with respect to food. Photo 2a depicts the fishing boats which residents in a small village in Carenage use to catch fish to sell to persons who are heading into and out of the capital Port of Spain. Most of these fishermen sell their catch nearby at the roadside in the same area, while some may go into the city. These fishermen depend on their sales as their source of income so any sort of disturbance can affect their livelihood. 
The following link explains such a disturbance in Carenage which occurred in 2011 during the State of Emergency in Trinidad: 

Photo 2b shows street vendors lining the entire stretch of Charlotte Street as far as the eye could see. The vendors also sell a variety of items, especially fresh fruits, vegetables and seasonings. Some tend to sell clothing, shoes and jewellery. The angle of this photo allows vision of the length of the roadside which is occupied by scores of vendors.

This type of economic activity is typical in developing countries. Many persons tend to run informal businesses so that they can sustain themselves everyday without having to make a huge effort. Other persons work in the informal sector in order to avoid tax payments so that they can keep all their profits.
These occurrences are prevalent in many other countries around the world, especially in developing countries. 
As mentioned before, for some, informal economy is their way of life. To learn more about the life of a worker in the informal sector, please view this video which is based in Cebu City, Philippines :


For an in-depth understanding of informal economy, its features and its importance to Trinidad and the Caribbean, please visit the following link to the ILO: 




Monday 24 March 2014

Port of Spain Field Excursion


PLACECHECK


PORT OF SPAIN- CBD 


Port-of Spain, Trinidad’s capital city, is located near the northwest coast of the island. The Central Business District (CBD) is in Downtown POS and it is one of the most commercialized areas in Trinidad. In some of my future blog entries, I will shed light on some economic activities which take place in Port of Spain.
A placecheck was conducted within the CBD with walkabouts at various areas such as Independence Square, Brian Lara Promenade, Charlotte/Henry/Frederick Streets and Woodford Square.
The first area visited was the Brian Lara Promenade. What I liked the most about this area was that it took away from the monotony of buildings. Along the entire stretch was a lot of greenery with trees and grass. There were also benches and tables available for the tired shopper or commuter visiting the CBD. There were many persons just relaxing and enjoying the morning hustle under the shady trees. This was also present in Woodford Square. I would certainly like to see more greenery within the CBD. In my opinion, I enjoyed the fact that there were numerous food outlets within the CBD. Whether is it fast food restaurants (eg. KFC and Subway) or local cuisine (eg. doubles and aloo pie), food was never too far away! On Charlotte, Henry and Frederick Streets, the town was alive with the hustle and bustle of shoppers. These streets contain countless shopping facilities, stores and vendors catering to your every need.

However, I noticed some things which were of some concern to me. Along the Brian Lara Promenade were many homeless persons who were sitting on the benches and ground. This would not be a pleasant sight for visitors who have never been to the capital city of Trinidad. The government should relocate these persons from the CBD or place them in a home. Another eyesore was the amount of garbage along pavements and drains throughout the CBD. It blocks the walkways, creates foul smells and encourages accumulation of insects. Apart from this, I also think that there should be more parking facilities in the CBD in order to avoid car theft and illegal parking. One thing that needs to improve in the CBD is the appearance of some of the older buildings. They need to be renovated and refurbished in such a way that their original design is maintained. Port of Spain’s architectural heritage will hence, be sustained.


BELMONT


    Belmont is a residential neighbourhood located roughly northeast from the CBD and is in fairly close proximity to it. This is an advantage as residents can easily access the CBD for various purposes. Belmont is rich in culture and heritage. Many mas camps and steelbands originated in this neighbourhood. One steelband area which was visited was Cascablanca. These places need to be preserved as they form part of Trinidad’s history. A major downfall of Belmont is the frequent crime that takes place. The environment is unsafe so I think more police should be on patrol in this area. There is not much urban planning as seen from the narrow winding roads and somewhat random housing pattern. Belmont is densely populated with many houses located along each street.

ASSESSING “GOOD NEIGHBOURHOODS”

According to Jane Jacob’s principles of good neighbourhoods:
  •  Mixed use – different functions;
  •  Mixed blocks with different buildings of different ages and conditions;
  •  Streets with short blocks and numerous corners;
  •   A dense concentration of people.

The CBD is more commercialised and economic activity is its main role serving functions such as banking, retailing, insurance etc. Belmont however, is a residential neighbourhood which contains basic services (like groceries and food outlets) to cater to the basic needs of the residents. Within both areas, old pre-modern architectural designs can be seen in buildings and houses. Throughout the years, the government has been able to preserve these designs. In these modern times, though, it can be seen that some of the buildings have undergone some structural change. New building designs are being employed as well, as seen in the high rise complexes such as the Hyatt Regency Hotel and the Nicholas Tower. With respect to the streets, there are many narrow and meandering minor roads throughout Belmont. This can be explained due to the absence of urban planning. The opposite can be seen in the CBD where there are many long straight roads. On a daily basis, scores of people commute to Port of Spain and the CBD for different reasons so the density of persons is usually high. Belmont also has a high concentration of people but these constitute to the residents.  

WHAT MAKES A SUCCESSFUL CBD?

  • ·         Availability and accessibility of goods, services and facilities
  • ·         Ease of access into and out of CBD - No traffic congestion
  • ·         Clean environs - No pollution
  • ·         Safety of commuters and workers - No crime
  • ·         Strong social relationships
  • ·         Reliable communication networks
  • ·         Presence of local/city’s heritage and culture
  • ·         Eradication of homeless persons



Monday 10 February 2014

URBAN LIFE


Throughout the years, it has become increasingly evident that the majority of persons within a country live in urban areas or CBDs (Central Business Districts). This is usually due to the fact that urban areas provide the most and best quality goods and services. People also migrate to these areas since there is a variety of available jobs compared to rural areas.Making reference to Burgess' Concentric Zone Model, the theorized version of settlement is that the centre of a country or area would be the CBD which has a concentration of economic activity as well as social and cultural services and facilities . Hence, persons tend to migrate as close as possible to the CBD while others commute different distances daily, in order to get to their jobs and to acquire various commodities.CBDs offer goods and services which are provided in the form of shops and businesses and which cater to the needs of the population. Such shops and businesses can be formal or informal and can differ by day and night. 

(1) An urban setting in Princes Town where different forms of economic activity are taking place.


This photo was taken in order to capture the various types businesses along the roadside, as well as the pedestrian crowds and vehicular traffic which contribute to the urban life. The cars are moving along the major road which passes through the town. It is worth noting that this photo was taken on a weekend (usually the busiest period of the week) when most persons tend to do their weekly shopping. Along the road, as seen in the image, there are a number of different shops, vendors, businesses etc. and persons contributing to the hustle and bustle of the urban life.